ЧаВо по ролям на платформе Moodle - История изменений

Breslav.ep: переводы

2025-04-04T10:07:43Z

переводы

← Предыдущая версия		Версия от 10:07, 4 апреля 2025
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	{{Roles}}		{{Roles}}
	~~==What is the definition of a...==~~

	;~~Capability~~		== Каково определение понятия...? ==
	:~~A configurable aspect of program behavior~~. Moodle ~~has 100s of capabilities~~. ~~Each capability has a computer friendly name like [[Capabilities/~~mod/forum:~~rate\|mod/forum:rate]] and a human-friendly name like "Rate posts~~."
	;~~Permission~~		;Способность
	:~~Permissions are paired with each capability~~. ~~There are four possible permission values~~: ~~''Allow''~~, ~~''Prevent''~~, ~~''Prohibit'' and ''Not set''~~/~~''Inherit''~~. ~~(It is called not-set when defining roles and inherit when overriding permissions~~.)		:Настраиваемый аспект поведения программы. Moodle обладает сотнями возможностей. Каждая функция имеет понятное для компьютера название, например mod/forum:оценить, и понятное для человека название, например «Оценить публикации».
	;~~Role~~		;Разрешение
	:~~A named set of permissions that are associated with each capability~~. ~~For example~~. ~~the "Teacher" and "Student" roles come with the standard~~ Moodle ~~install~~.		:Разрешения связаны с каждой возможностью. Существует четыре возможных значения разрешений: Разрешать, Предотвращать, запрещать и не устанавливать/наследовать.
	;~~Context~~		Это называется «не устанавливать» при определении ролей и «наследовать» при переопределении разрешений.
	:~~A functional area of~~ Moodle. ~~Contexts have a hierarchy~~. ~~Examples of contexts include a course, activity module~~, ~~or resource~~.		;Роль
			:Именованный набор разрешений, связанных с каждой возможностью. Например. роли Учитель и Ученик входят в стандартную комплектацию Moodle.
			;Контекст
			:Функциональная область Moodle. Контексты имеют иерархию. Примеры контекстов включают курс, модуль деятельности или ресурс.

	==Why isn't my role change taking effect?==		==Why isn't my role change taking effect?==
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	==How can I prevent a user from editing their own profile?==		==How can I prevent a user from editing their own profile?==

	See [[~~Roles_FAQ~~#How can I prevent a user from changing their own password? \| How can I prevent a user from changing their own password?]] The answer to this question is the same if you substitute ''edit their own profile'' for ''change their own password'' and ''[[Capabilities/moodle/user:editownprofile\|moodle/user:editownprofile]]'' for ''moodle/user:changeownpassword.''		See [[Roles FAQ#How can I prevent a user from changing their own password?\| How can I prevent a user from changing their own password?]] The answer to this question is the same if you substitute ''edit their own profile'' for ''change their own password'' and ''[[Capabilities/moodle/user:editownprofile\|moodle/user:editownprofile]]'' for ''moodle/user:changeownpassword.''

	== How can I allow a "test" Student user to see courses that are hidden?==		== How can I allow a "test" Student user to see courses that are hidden?==
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	==Are there any example roles?==		==Are there any example roles?==

	Yes. See [[~~Creating_custom_roles~~#~~Example_custom_roles~~\| the current list]].		Yes. See [[Creating custom roles#Example custom roles\| the current list]].

	==How do I enable logged-in users to participate in site home activities?==		==How do I enable logged-in users to participate in site home activities?==
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	Please visit the [http://moodle.org/mod/forum/view.php?id=6826 Roles and Capabilities forum] on moodle.org.		Please visit the [http://moodle.org/mod/forum/view.php?id=6826 Roles and Capabilities forum] on moodle.org.

	[[~~Category~~:FAQ]]		[[index.php?title=Категория:FAQ]]

	[[de:Rollen FAQ]]		[[de:Rollen FAQ]]

Breslav.ep: Breslav.ep переименовал страницу Roles FAQ в ЧаВо по ролям на платформе Moodle: перевод

2025-04-04T10:04:28Z

Breslav.ep переименовал страницу Roles FAQ в ЧаВо по ролям на платформе Moodle: перевод

← Предыдущая версия	Версия от 10:04, 4 апреля 2025
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Олег Давидович: 1 версия импортирована

2024-10-18T06:44:50Z

1 версия импортирована

← Предыдущая версия	Версия от 06:44, 18 октября 2024
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1>Tsala: /* How do I enable logged-in users to participate in site home activities? */

2024-06-28T18:20:05Z

How do I enable logged-in users to participate in site home activities?

Новая страница

{{Roles}}
==What is the definition of a...==

;Capability
:A configurable aspect of program behavior. Moodle has 100s of capabilities. Each capability has a computer friendly name like [[Capabilities/mod/forum:rate|mod/forum:rate]] and a human-friendly name like "Rate posts."
;Permission
:Permissions are paired with each capability. There are four possible permission values: ''Allow'', ''Prevent'', ''Prohibit'' and ''Not set''/''Inherit''. (It is called not-set when defining roles and inherit when overriding permissions.)
;Role
:A named set of permissions that are associated with each capability. For example. the "Teacher" and "Student" roles come with the standard Moodle install.
;Context
:A functional area of Moodle. Contexts have a hierarchy. Examples of contexts include a course, activity module, or resource.

==Why isn't my role change taking effect?==

Certain capabilities e.g. [[Capabilities/moodle/user:changeownpassword|moodle/user:changeownpassword]] may only be applied in the system context, so giving such permissions by assigning a role in the course context will have no effect.

==Why do some users I know are in my course not appear in ''Participants''?==

Users assigned roles in a higher context, for example users assigned the role of teacher in the course category are technically not enrolled in the course and so will not appear in the Participants link in the [[Navigation block]] but can be found via ''Course administration > Users > Other users''.

==How can I prevent a user from changing their own password?==

==== Using roles ====

To prevent a user from changing their own password, you must make sure they do not have [[Capabilities/moodle/user:changeownpassword|moodle/user:changeownpassword]] = Allow in the System context. The Authenticated user role (which is assigned to users in the System context) has moodle/user:changeownpassword = Allow by default, so you have two choices:
# Edit Authenticated user, setting moodle/user:changeownpassword = Not set
# Create a new role CannotChangeOwnPassword with moodle/user:changeownpassword = Prevent and all other permissions Not set. Choose "system" for the context type and assign the role to selected users in the System context via ''Administration>Site administration -> Users -> Permissions -> Assign system roles).''

Choice (1) will prevent ''all'' users from changing their passwords (except for the administrator, who can do anything). To selectively allow selected users (say teachers) to change their passwords, you could create a new role CanChangeOwnPassword with moodle/user:changeownpassword = Allow and all other permissions not set and assign the role to selected users in the System context (Site administration -> Users -> Permissions -> Assign system roles).

Choice (2) allows you to be selective, but if you have a lot of users that you want to prevent (say, all students), you will have to make a lot of role assignments in the System context. There is currently no convenient way to do this, so you might consider choice (1).

Note that you MUST deal with this permission in the System context.

==== Alternative solution ====

Go to Site administration > Plugins > Manage authentication plugins. Find the 'forgottenpasswordurl' setting and point it to a static HTML page on your server (or even a Moodle Page resource on the front page). Explain your password policy on that page. This stops users changing passwords. This applies to ALL users, however, so admins will need to fix any lost passwords for the whole site.

==How can I prevent a user from editing their own profile?==

See [[Roles_FAQ#How can I prevent a user from changing their own password? | How can I prevent a user from changing their own password?]] The answer to this question is the same if you substitute ''edit their own profile'' for ''change their own password'' and ''[[Capabilities/moodle/user:editownprofile|moodle/user:editownprofile]]'' for ''moodle/user:changeownpassword.''

== How can I allow a "test" Student user to see courses that are hidden?==

Having a test user to try out courses before you open them to regular students is useful. But if the course is hidden, then the enroled test student will not be able to see it. The solution to this problem, if you do not wish to make the hidden course visible yet, is to create a ''Student tester rol'', a clone of the default Student role and then set the ability to see hidden courses to Allow.

* Create a new role in ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles > Add a new role'', then for ''Use role or archtype'' choose ''ARCHETYPE: Student'' (or Student if you have customized the default Student role already)
* Give the role a new shortname and fullname as appropriate, e.g. studenttester, Student Tester
* Change the 'View hidden courses' [[Capabilities/moodle/course:viewhiddencourses|course:viewhiddencourses]] capability from Not Set to Allow
* Click the 'Create this role button'

Now enrol your test student in the course using this new role instead of the Student role, and they will be able to see and work in the course as a normal student even when the course is hidden. They will not be able to see other hidden courses in which they are not enroled.

==How do I change the name for "teacher" in the course description?==

Either
* Edit the role of Teacher via ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and rename it. The new name will apply site-wide.
Or
* Create a duplicate teacher role with an alternative name and assign users the duplicate teacher role as appropriate in the course context. In ''Site administration > Appearance > Course contact'' select the alternative name for teacher that you wish to be displayed in the course description when courses are listed. For example, copy the standard teacher role and call it Instructor and only show that role as the course contact.
Or
* Create a new "dummy" role (no capabilities) with those names and assign them to teachers along with the real roles. select the alternative name for teacher that you wish to be displayed in the course description when courses are listed. For example, copy the guest role, call it Lead Teacher and make this the course contact. You may have 5 teachers in the course but only one name will appear as Lead Teacher. If nobody is assigned the role Lead Teacher, no course contact will show.
Or
*Names for different roles in a course may be changed from Course navigation > Participants and selecting "Role renaming" from the dropdown. For example, some courses the teacher wants the title "Professor", or "Chief" or "Mentor".
Or
*[[Language customization|Edit the language files]] and change any word you want.

==How do I enable teachers to set role overrides?==

#Access ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles''.
#Edit the teacher role and change the capability [[Capabilities/moodle/role:safeoverride|moodle/role:safeoverride]] to allow.
#Click the button "Save changes".
#Click the tab "Allow role overrides" (in ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'').
#Check the appropriate box(s) in the teacher row to set which role(s) teachers can override. Most likely it will just be the student role (you don't want teachers to be able to override admins!), so check the box where the teacher row intersects with the student column.
#Click the button "Save changes".

==How do I enable teachers to assign other teachers in a course?==

This is disabled by default but it can be switched on by modifying the teacher's role. In ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' select the "Allow role assignments" tab and tick the checkbox where Teacher and Teacher intersect.

==Why doesn't "Switch role to.." within a course seem to work properly?==

This feature is intended for teachers so that they can see how their course appears for students. It isn't a reliable view however, as some features do not display correctly when viewed by a teacher who has switched their role to a student. Certain actions (specifically submitting assignments) are excluded from working with 'switch roles' (as the submitted work would not be visible on the grading pages, due to the user not having the 'submit' permission when they have not switched roles). For that reason it is always preferable where possible to have a "test" student log in to use.

==How can I allow a non-editing teacher to "switch role to " a student?==

# In ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'', edit the non-editing teacher role and set the capability "moodle/role:switchroles" to "allow". This will then allow them to switch their role to a student or a guest (as defined on the ''Allow role switches'' screen.)

==I accidentally deleted a default role. How do I get it back?==

# Go to ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and click the 'Add a new role' button
# Select the role e.g. Teacher to use
# Click continue
# Fill in the short name and custom full name
# Click the 'Create this role' button

==Are there any example roles?==

Yes. See [[Creating_custom_roles#Example_custom_roles| the current list]].

==How do I enable logged-in users to participate in site home activities?==

Either:

# Go to ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and edit the 'Authenticated user on site home' role
# Allow capabilities for the front page activities
# Click the 'Save changes' button

Or:

# On the home page, click the Settings link
# Set the default site home role to student
# Click the 'Save changes' button

==How can I prevent students from editing their profile?==

If you only want students to be prevented from editing their profile, and not all users, you can create a new role, such as Restricted user as described in the [[Demo teacher role]], with moodle/user:editownprofile set to prevent, and assign it to all students in the system context.

Alternatively, you could change moodle/user:editownprofile to not set for the [[Authenticated user role]], then create a new role for teachers with moodle/user:editownprofile set to allow.

==Why can't I add teachers or students site wide in Moodle?==

You can, however teachers and students typically work in one or more individual courses. It is unusual for a student to be studying every single course on your Moodle and unusual for a teacher to be teaching every single course. Therefore, the default Moodle does not use these as system wide roles. The Manager role might be one that makes sense to assign on a system or category context.

To assign a teacher or student site-wide

# Go to ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and edit the role to include the ''system'' context.
#Then search for and allow the capability [[Capabilities/moodle/course:view|moodle/course:view]]
#Then assign users to this role via ''Administration>Site administration>Users>Permissions>Assign system roles''

It might be preferable to create a new role based on the teacher or student and assign this in the System context. Then assign individuals to that role.

==Why isn't my custom role listed as an available role for assigning?==

When adding/editing a custom role, be sure to tick one or more context types where the role may be assigned.

[[File:context types where role may be assigned.png]]

==How can I set a role back to default?==

# Go to ''Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and click on the name of the role
# Click the Reset button
# Select items for reset as desired
# Click the continue button.

==Permissions don't seem to be working correctly. What can I do?==

[[File:reviewing badge permissions.png|thumb|Reviewing role permissions]]It is recommended that permissions for each role are reviewed and set according to the role archetype.

# Go to ''Administration > Site administration > Users > Permissions > Define roles'' and click the edit icon opposite a role
# Click the 'Show advanced' button to reveal the different permission settings
# Review permissions (filtering for particular permissions as appropriate) and, unless there is a good reason to do otherwise, change permissions so that all are set to the highlighted value
# Click the 'Save changes' button
# Repeat steps 1 to 4 for each role

==Is there a role that can be safely used for a government inspector/supervisor ?==
The [https://github.com/3-bits/moodle-role_sepe SEPE] role is used for a (Spanish) government supervisor who can access all Moodle courses without being able to change anything. It can be used in any other country/ language.

==What is the "none" role?==
It is possible to enrol users into a course so they appear as participants, but since they do not have a standard role such as student, they do not have any particular permissions. They cannot for example, engage in course activities. For discussion about the "none" role, see MDL-29599

==Any further questions?==

Please visit the [http://moodle.org/mod/forum/view.php?id=6826 Roles and Capabilities forum] on moodle.org.

[[Category:FAQ]]

[[de:Rollen FAQ]]
[[es:FAQ_roles]]
[[fr:FAQ des rôles]]
[[ja:ロールFAQ]]